India's ancient construction techniques need to be improved with contemporary technologies. Current equipment and technologies can improve building quality while consuming the least time, money, people, materials, etc. For the past 50 years, precast concrete construction technology has continuously delivered effective construction with improved quality. Developing nations like India must meet the enormous demand for homes, businesses, and infrastructure projects.
Precast construction has emerged as a game-changer in the Indian construction industry in recent years, which has seen tremendous developments. Building components are manufactured off-site and assembled at the construction site in prefabricated and precast construction methods. Numerous advantages come with this novel technique, including efficiency, efficacy, affordability, and sustainability.
Background of Precast Construction Technology
Modernism and contemporary architecture both heavily rely on precast concrete construction. Precast techniques can result in more effective resource management, shorter building times, and lower construction costs. Romans were the first to use precast concrete in construction, mixing sand, water, and soft pebbles like limestone to produce an early concrete-like substance and pour it into wooden molds.
Molds were used to boost construction durability and offer accurate dimensioning. A precast concrete structure was constructed using an improvised method by a British city engineer in the early 20th century.
India Needs Precast Technology
Between 1901 and 2022, India's urban population expanded quickly, resulting in a lack of land, housing, clogged transportation, and basic utilities. By 2021, the construction industry will have a 65% labor deficit, according to research by Ernst & Young and the FICCI. The precast building can meet the demand for housing with the right design and execution. Only 2% of the $500 million Indian building market comprises precast construction.
Precast systems are mostly used in India for infrastructure projects, including bridges and flyovers. The GOI has approved using the precast concrete construction method to meet the need for homes. They have already suggested that housing be made available to everyone by 2022, largely using precast concrete technology. Approximately 96% of the 18.78 million housing units, according to the technical data provided by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation, are occupied by EWS and LIG households.
Precast Concrete Technology's Newest Addition
Precast cladding panels can weigh up to 66% less overall when a carbon fiber reinforcing grid is included than when standard precast panels are used. For heat resistance, the panels can be combined with the insulation. Carbon content expansion does away with the need for additional coatings and sealants. A technology that can insert different patterns, numerals, or any text into concrete surfaces was invented by a UK-based company.
They added wire-based heating technology and thermochromic pigment to the concrete mix. Using microprocessor control devices, we may alter the pattern, color, or display of any dot matrix on the clock's surface using this technology. Although not designed for commercial use, this technology is used in a few locations in the form of panels. The precast concrete panels are typically finished with conventional exposed concrete. However, a UK-based business now offers various intricate designs cast into the surface of precast panels.
Future Aspects of Precast Construction Technology in India
India's population has always been pro-technology and a quick adopter of any new technology in any industry. The same applies to construction.
Precast technology is being used by large developers and contractors, including Amrapali, Purvankara, Brigade, and BG Shirke, to build millions of square feet each year. Many other developers and contractors are also exhibiting interest in precast technology and are taking measures to use it.
They consider the benefit and keep using it. In cast-in-situ construction, technology has been extensively used, including ready-mix concrete, automated steel cutting, bending, quick-form work, etc. Almost all developers and contractors have incorporated contemporary technology into their works. Despite the customs fees, India's future for precast technology appears promising. India's market has much potential to dominate the global precast concrete market.
Conclusion
Applying precast construction technology is particularly effective and efficient when carrying out large-scale projects like homes, businesses, institutions, etc. It is also very effective regarding time savings, labor needs, higher building quality, less material waste, and flexibility in carrying out all design requirements, such as facades and repeated module blocks. A precast yard requires a significant initial investment, but it also offers the advantage of quick building, which can help reduce delays in major construction projects. Only with sufficient planning and designing are all these advantages possible to obtain.
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Divyanshu Sharma
Co-founder and Director at RationalStat
Divyanshu is an experienced market research consultant. He helps growth-driven organizations and entrepreneurs understand market entry prospects, industry assessment, and grow their revenue strategically.
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